Temperature or air temperature is measured by using a thermometer. The temperature at the earth's surface varies from one place to another. This difference is caused by many factors, among others, the following:
1) The amount of radiation received by the earth in any time, influenced by:
- The distance of the earth to the sun is always changing
- Angle of sunlight falling on the earth's surface
- The length of time the sun shines
- Weather conditions are always changing.
2) Effect of land and sea
- Mainland has quickly become hot properties and quickly became cold
- Ocean received hot properties and slow to cool slowly.
3) Effect of altitude
The higher the position of a point, the lower the temperature. This is caused by:
- The decrease in temperature gradient
- Earth to be one source of heat
- The higher the points, the lower air density so that the lower temperature.
4) effect of the wind
The wind will spread the hot and cold temperatures on the earth's surface. Of weather observations obtained an average temperature within a certain time.
5) Effect of the state of the earth's surface (relief)
Rugged relief areas has more surface area than the area that has a flat relief. So warm regions having rough relief slower than heating in the flat relief.
6) solar irradiation
Solar radiation in the form of the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves without intermediaries called radiation. Radiation reaching the Earth's surface is called insolasi. The duration of solar radiation was measured using heliograf. Sunlight received by the earth's surface conduction process. Upper atmosphere is getting warmer because of direct beam sunlight.
7) Long exposures
In the summer of not only the incident angle of sunlight falling is greater, but the longer the duration of exposure. As a result, the day is longer than night. Insolasi magnitude depends on local weather conditions.
Rabu, 13 Maret 2013
