Account is a record of financial transactions that affect the balance of assets, liabilities, and capital. Accounts can be divided into two, namely real account and nominal account. Real account is a type of account that is recorded on the balance sheet as assets, debts, and capital. Nominal accounts are accounts recorded in the consolidated profit / loss, such as revenues and expenses.
a. Treasure Account
Property or assets are economic resources owned by a company to carry out business activities present, and future. Assets can be distinguished as follows:
1. Current assets, is a treasure that has a high level of liquidity and working life of less than one year. For example, cash, marketable securities, accounts receivable, notes receivable, inventory, equipment, and prepaid expenses.
2. Fixed assets, are tangible assets and have useful lives of more than one year. Such as land, equipment, buildings, machinery, and transport equipment.
3. Intangible treasure, a treasure that can not be seen in plain view, but it has economic value. For example, patents, copyrights, trademarks, franchises, and goodwill.
4. Long-term investment, the company is a treasure in the form of securities. For example, shares and deposits.
b. Debt Accounts
Debt or obligation was incurred to finance the company. Debt can be distinguished as follows:
1. Debt, is an obligation that must be paid by the company within a period of less than one year. For example, notes payable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and deferred revenue.
2. Long-term debt, is an obligation that must be paid by the company within a period of more than one year. For example, bank debt, mortgages, and bonds.
c. Capital account
Capital is the wealth of the owner of a portion of property companies. Recording capital accounting followed by the name of the owner of capital.
d. Revenue account
Revenue is the result obtained by the company on its business activities. Revenues are divided into revenue and earnings outside of the business. Operating revenues are revenues earned related to business activities. Revenues outside of the business is the income earned on outside business activities. For example, interest income, rent, and commission.
e. Expense accounts
Expenses are costs incurred for running the company's business activities. Expenses can be divided into operating expenses and expenses outside of the business. Operating expenses are costs incurred due to conduct business activities. Costs are out of business because of the cost to the company outside business activities. For example, interest expense and lease.
Rabu, 13 Maret 2013
